Some delays...

May: the end of the school year is behind the corner, and with it a whole set of small or bigger pseudo-bureaucratic jobs.
Correcting classworks, remaking schedules so that the last things can fit together with opportunities to make up for those students who didn't work during the year...
Plus this year being a bit more alone in some home and extra chores, because of the soon-to-come new little family member.
In short, I am trying to justify my absence from the blog during these last few days.

The question that arose right today is this: how is it possible to divert the students' attention from marks and address it towards learning?
Right today, maths classwork, subject "parabola". One of the students, one who is usually a bit polemic, says he will get 4/10 but he'd deserve 9/10 because he completed the part of the classwork about the parabola in only 20 minutes, but of course if in the exercises you also put the straight line and in a way that without knowing it you can't progress further...
And all the rest of the class, calculating: here I'm gonna get 4/10 but I had 7/10 in the previous, so, prof, do I get 6/10 at the end of the year?

Let's remove marks from our school furnishing, as they are suggesting to do in Germany these days?
Probably not. So, what? Can Web 2.0 help in this direction? I would like this was the case, although I wouldn't know then how to dive into it without conflicting with a didactic practice a century old...

Who knows...

Who's afraid of ICT?

One of the big electoral slogans, here in Italy a few years ago, was about the "three I's" ("inglese, informatica, impresa", English, ICT, enterprise) to be injected in our schools, something many teachers (including myself) considered either ludicrous or scary, according to the moment.

Probably we are there again. So we'd better deal with it.

One of the three "I's" was ICT. Why should we find it ludicrous or scary?

Let me state my starting point, so that I am not misunderstood: I consider the main part of my teaching profession to be helping students to develop some behaviours that are transversal to the subjects I teach, but which, thanks to these subjects, can be learned by the students. Here I am talking about things like: critical attitude, curiosity for culture, autonomous learning, introjecting universal values, consistency with said values, ability to listen, cooperate, interact hierarchically... Such little things. And I used the adjective "main" to mean that I belong to a school of thought for which if a student develops these behaviours but is not capable of integrating a rational function, I am very happy all the same. Maybe I can't grade him very high, but nonetheless he will be quite aware of my esteem for him.

Well, starting with this, why doesn't the "I" of ICT scare me? As a matter of fact, I am not convinced of the absolute usefulness of ICT in learning maths and physics: I am a bit of a traditional guy here. But I am convinced that I can use ICT to build critical attitude, curiosity for culture, and so on and so on.

Paradoxically, sponsoring a frontal attack of ICT in schools can mean that a technicist education prevails, based on notions and work-oriented more than person-oriented, but it can also mean its exact contrary. Easily. As usually, reforms travel on the legs of those who work in the field, and tools are ambivalent. If students will have less "cultural" subjects classes, if they meet the right teachers, they will also have more classes where culture pass through more modern media. And, who knows, perhaps students will be more attracted to it.

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Wiki, didactics and assessment

As I wrote in a previous post, I decided to experiment using didactically a wiki with my four 14-16ers classes.

This experience, that's proceeding with some labour but, for now, in a satisfactory way, is teaching me a lot. First of all it teaches me that a wiki is just a tool. Finding colleagues who are so fond of technology in education that they miss its goal, is easy today. So, a wiki is a tool serving didactics, let me write it down clearly so I won't forget even if right now I adore wikis.

This, to me, means that, more than its practical usage (that has still some educational values in a school environment), its worth is the side-work. Preparing texts and materials, building the conceptual network, organizing the work, timeliness, accuracy: these are, in my opinion, aspects that must get through in a wiki-related project, perhaps even as assessment indicators for the completed project.

If our idea is to help our students to learn how to learn (repetition is on purpose), we would do well if we provide them with methods, in order to lead them without doing the work for them. For this I think that a good organization of a wiki-related project is necessary: so students can take advantage of the wiki both in learning the subject-theme the wiki is about, and also, and especially, in reflecting on the methods and tools of technologically assisted collaborative learning.

Publishing a wiki is not the end of the project. The "dry-run" publication phase must lead to improvement of the finished product, before its possible "www" publication. So all students must explore the conceptual network represented in the wiki, be able to intervene improving and augmenting the contents already present or suggesting options to their authors for more radical changes, which, in turn, the authors must be able to accept or refuse giving reasons.

Commenting on a post of hers, I asked Talia to suggest how one can assess e-learning in the classroom. I don't want to be lazy, so I'll try to give my contribution, in spite of my confused feelings and not being an expert in the field. I think I can safely say that a wiki per se is un-assessable, in the sense that it is a collective product and it's impossible to partially assess individual contributions. What can we assess, though?

1. in the initial phase (pre-wiki): participation, quality and quantity of information found, timeliness, respecting tasks...
2. in the publication phase: care of contents and of links
3. in the final phase (post-wiki): the level of interaction and understanding shown in discussions about possible variants and corrections, the depth of the methodology and meta-subject reflection about the work done
4. in the summative phase (extra-wiki): specific learning of the subject-theme as shown in a suitable classwork.
   

Of these four phases, the first two seem open to self-assessment by students, or peer-assessment, while the last two are more traditional and require expert and competent eyes of the teacher. The way to organize self-assessment or peer-assessment can depend, in my opinion, on the age and maturity of the students. It can be an anonymous matrix where each student marks his/her own and his/her mates' behaviour relatively to the indicators, or a grading list. One must pay attention that the assessment is specific, maybe even giving reasons, about the project and regarding only aspects contained in the indicators. For this, it can be limited to a self-assessment and to an assessment of mates belonging to the same work group.

I think that in a collaborative activity such as this, it's useful that

• not only contents are assessed
• not only the teacher assesses

I find it's even more useful for a teacher to experiment, be it only once, on an activity whose analysis and assessment levels are necessarily so complex. It motivates, it helps to refocus one's objectives and expectations, it opens one's mind, it forces reflection. In a word, it's healthy.

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To Talia about teacher-student interaction in e-learning.

Let me post here a comment I left on this Talia's blog post.


Hi Talia. Congratulations for your excellent blog and the great ideas you give through it.
I completely agree with you on this one: establishing an e-learning environment doesn’t decrease the teacher’s workload, on the contrary!
Somehow the teacher allows students to access information, tasks, projects… even when the teacher is not there. But they will do it only if they see that the teacher is there anyway, if they understand that they are not alone, that their effort is being followed.
One of the main reasons I am exploring this field is that I want my students not to think of the subject I teach only on Wed evening because on Thu morning we have a class, something we know is not conducive to great learning, but that happens more and more frequently in my corner of the world. A virtual classroom is something that can be exciting because it resembles things students do on the net, but with a different purpose; it can help motivation, give different keys to learning… But an empty virtual classroom is as empty as a real one. Students want people to be there. Students (and parents) want their (advanced and brave) teacher to be there, always. Or at least when they are needed there.
One point I would like to hear your opinion and tips about is evaluation and assessment in e-learning. I feel a bit… clueless about this one.
I’ll keep in touch.

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Where to start?

I imagine a hypothetical colleague who got curious because of hearsays and would want to understand what technology can do for his/her teaching job. What could s/he start with?

1. (First of all, a good knowledge of English is not wasted, since most tools, at least the most recent ones) don't have an Italian localization -yet? - )
2. Find a colleague who, being a bit more experienced, can be his/her tutor, can advise, direct, technically support.
   
3. Spend some hours on the net, getting caught in the linkwork, maybe starting googling Web 2.0 or technologies in didactics.
4. Subscribe some online communities, possibly those didactics oriented or edutech oriented, and take part in the discussions.
5. Try different tools, those that make him/her more curious, creating the necessary accounts. For instance: open a blog, create a wiki, do some social bookmarking, create a network of contacts...
6. Choose a simple teaching project where s/he can experiment, and decide which web 2.0 tool is most suitable for the chose project. Having an expert's opinion could be useful for a well-aimed choice.
7. If students are mature and expert enough, they could help him/her in discovering and exploiting the chosen tool's features, while working on the project.
   
8. Verify the results in terms of learning, participation, and whatever other assessment indicator s/he deems important for the chosen activity. Probably for the first experiments, a real assessment table must be very flexible or even built in itinere.
9. Share results and reflections with his/her network and school colleagues.
10. If possible, keep repeating these points, maybe together with somebody else or as somebody else's tutor.

This is in part what has been/is happening with me, in part what I would like to happen in my school.

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E-learning in the class and learning styles

Talia Carbis has an interesting blog with a lot of resources for Moodle users.

In one of her many worth-reading posts, Talia explains how e-learning can be successfully used in the classroom. In the classroom, no only for distance learning, as it is usually thought.

The reasons Talia gives of these opportunities (which I won't repeat, just go  here and find them), are based on something that I, although I am probably not alone in this, often forget: each person learns differently. If you read the post, you realize that Carbis thinks and writes in terms of people who learn visually, aurally, kinesthetically... That is a classification proper of some learning theories, that distinguish three main styles: visual, aural and kinesthetic.

Going beyond theories, which, I believe, are not always too on-the-spot, meaning that each author has his/her own theories often conflicting or not too well blending with the neighbour's, I think an attention to the cognitive and learning patterns and styles of our students is an attention that we rarely take the trouble to pay, but that would save our students, and consequently ourselves, a lot of effort in our daily learning-teaching job.

This said, I think Talia is right: multimedia, the potentials of the net and of e-learning can be useful for every learning style, and facilitate everybody's work, provided they are used well. The problem is, as usual, to change our mental habits...

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Building learning communities

In Sarah Weisz's TEN blog I found a post that caused some reflections. Building professional learning communities simply tells about Will Richardson's idea that many teachers don't understand how technologies can facilitate learning, and invites to join a discussion opened by a TEN member in the site forum.

Is it really so in Italy? Don't many teachers realize about the potentials?

With some effort (VERY ironic here) I think I could agree, even if maybe things are changing a little. The effort that is being made in introducing technologies in didactics is certainly big. What are the obstacles?

• Teachers feel unprepared to use computers (and probably many of them really are);
• teachers feel unprepared to use ICT in the classroom (and certainly many of them really are);
• teachers feel introducing technologies as something "more", not as a different way of thinking and doing;
• teachers have no clues about what can be done with technologies, because they don't know them and don't practice it;
  
• teachers are focused on syllabuses, abilities students must reach (for tradition or to pass the final exam) and don't have any time nor will to try anything new;
• teachers have no will to try anything new;
• teachers have no will.

I believe that the first step is to show teachers that doing something is possible. Show them finite products, even if the quality is not supreme, to let them know what it's all about. I think it's up to the curious ones, to those like me, to open the way so that in our Italian schools something new is tried, if it's worth it.

And I want to underline this element of prudence: if it's worth it. Experimenting is always a little game on our student's heads, and it doesn't mean improvising, and above all it means having the intellectual honesty to admit when something hasn't worked.

I am trying to do something. The project is going on, although, between election days and new labs to be baptized, we slowed down a little. Our next step is to publish the wikis...
I am also using a wiki to prepare an environmental education project in cooperation with other schools nearby. I hope it works. If nothing else, some more people will know that wikis exist.

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